alkaline earths

简明释义

碱土族

英英释义

例句

1.Barium, a member of the alkaline earths 碱土金属, is used in medical imaging.

钡是alkaline earths 碱土金属的一个成员，用于医学成像。

2.The alkaline earths 碱土金属 are known for their reactivity with water.

alkaline earths 碱土金属以其与水的反应性而闻名。

3.Calcium, one of the alkaline earths 碱土金属, plays a vital role in biological systems.

钙是alkaline earths 碱土金属之一，在生物系统中起着重要作用。

4.The group of elements known as alkaline earths 碱土金属 includes magnesium and calcium.

被称为alkaline earths 碱土金属的元素组包括镁和钙。

5.In the periodic table, alkaline earths 碱土金属 are found in group 2.

在元素周期表中，alkaline earths 碱土金属位于第2组。

作文

The term alkaline earths refers to a group of six chemical elements found in Group 2 of the periodic table. These elements include beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. They are characterized by their shiny appearance, silvery-white color, and relatively low density compared to other metals. The alkaline earths are known for their reactivity, particularly with water, producing alkaline hydroxides. This property is what gives them their name, as they form alkaline solutions when combined with water. The most well-known of the alkaline earths is calcium, which plays a vital role in biological systems. It is essential for the formation of bones and teeth in humans and other animals. Calcium ions are also crucial for various cellular processes, including muscle contraction and neurotransmitter release. Magnesium is another important element in this group, serving as a cofactor for many enzymes and playing a key role in photosynthesis in plants.Beryllium, while less common, is used in aerospace applications due to its light weight and high strength. Strontium is often used in fireworks to produce red flames and is also utilized in certain types of glass and ceramics. Barium has applications in medical imaging, particularly in barium swallow tests, where it helps visualize the digestive tract. Radium, discovered by Marie Curie, was historically used in luminous paints but is now known for its radioactivity and associated health risks.The alkaline earths exhibit similar chemical properties due to their similar electron configurations. They each have two electrons in their outermost shell, which they readily lose to form cations with a +2 charge. This makes them highly reactive, especially with halogens, where they form ionic compounds. For example, when magnesium reacts with chlorine, it forms magnesium chloride, a common compound used in various applications, including de-icing roads in winter.In nature, the alkaline earths are not found in their elemental forms due to their reactivity; instead, they are typically found in mineral compounds. For instance, calcium is abundant in limestone, marble, and gypsum, while magnesium is commonly found in dolomite and magnesite. The extraction and processing of these minerals are significant industries, providing essential materials for construction, agriculture, and manufacturing.Understanding the properties and applications of the alkaline earths is crucial for both scientific research and industrial applications. Their unique characteristics make them valuable in a variety of fields, from medicine to materials science. As we continue to explore the potential uses of these elements, it is clear that the alkaline earths will remain an important area of study in chemistry and related disciplines. Their significance extends beyond the laboratory, impacting our daily lives in numerous ways, such as in the food we eat, the products we use, and the technologies we rely on. Overall, the alkaline earths are a fascinating group of elements that showcase the intricate relationship between chemistry and the world around us.

“碱土金属”是指在元素周期表第二组中的六种化学元素。这些元素包括铍、镁、钙、锶、钡和镭。它们的特征是外观光亮、银白色，并且与其他金属相比，密度相对较低。“碱土金属”以其反应性著称，特别是与水反应，生成碱性氢氧化物。这一特性使得它们得名，因为它们与水结合时形成碱性溶液。“碱土金属”中最为人知的是钙，它在生物系统中起着至关重要的作用。钙是人类和其他动物骨骼和牙齿形成所必需的。钙离子对多种细胞过程也至关重要，包括肌肉收缩和神经递质释放。镁是这一组中另一个重要元素，作为许多酶的辅因子，并在植物的光合作用中发挥关键作用。铍虽然不常见，但由于其重量轻和强度高而用于航空航天应用。锶常用于烟花中产生红色火焰，也用于某些类型的玻璃和陶瓷。钡在医学成像中有应用，特别是在钡吞咽测试中，帮助可视化消化道。镭由玛丽·居里发现，历史上用于发光涂料，但现在因其放射性及相关健康风险而受到关注。“碱土金属”由于其相似的电子构型而表现出相似的化学性质。它们的最外层壳层中各有两个电子，这使得它们容易失去这两个电子形成带+2电荷的阳离子。这使它们具有高度反应性，尤其是与卤素反应时，形成离子化合物。例如，当镁与氯反应时，会形成氯化镁，这是一种在各种应用中常用的化合物，包括冬季除冰。在自然界中，由于反应性，“碱土金属”不会以其元素形式存在，而通常以矿物化合物的形式存在。例如，钙在石灰石、大理石和石膏中丰富，而镁通常在白云石和菱镁矿中发现。这些矿物的提取和加工是重要的产业，为建筑、农业和制造业提供了必需的材料。理解“碱土金属”的性质和应用对于科学研究和工业应用至关重要。它们独特的特性使其在医学、材料科学等多个领域中具有价值。随着我们继续探索这些元素的潜在用途，显然“碱土金属”将继续成为化学和相关学科的重要研究领域。它们的重要性超越了实验室，在我们的日常生活中以多种方式影响着我们，例如我们吃的食物、使用的产品以及依赖的技术。总的来说，“碱土金属”是一组迷人的元素，展示了化学与我们周围世界之间复杂的关系。