activated sludge process

简明释义

活性污泥法

英英释义

例句

1.In our environmental engineering course, we studied the activated sludge process in detail.

在我们的环境工程课程中，我们详细研究了活性污泥法。

2.The city implemented the activated sludge process to improve wastewater treatment efficiency.

该市实施了活性污泥法以提高废水处理效率。

3.Understanding the activated sludge process helps engineers design better treatment systems.

理解活性污泥法可以帮助工程师设计更好的处理系统。

4.The activated sludge process is crucial for reducing organic pollutants in sewage.

活性污泥法对于减少污水中的有机污染物至关重要。

5.Many modern wastewater treatment plants utilize the activated sludge process for its effectiveness.

许多现代污水处理厂利用活性污泥法因其有效性。

作文

The treatment of wastewater has become an essential aspect of environmental management in our modern world. One of the most widely used methods for treating wastewater is the activated sludge process. This biological treatment method utilizes microorganisms to break down organic matter in sewage and industrial effluents, thereby reducing pollution and making water safe for discharge or reuse. Understanding the activated sludge process is crucial for anyone involved in environmental science or engineering, as it plays a significant role in maintaining ecological balance.The activated sludge process involves several key components: aeration tanks, secondary clarifiers, and the return activated sludge (RAS) system. In the aeration tanks, wastewater is mixed with a population of microorganisms known as activated sludge. These microorganisms consume organic pollutants as their food source, converting them into biomass and carbon dioxide. The aeration phase is critical because it provides the necessary oxygen for aerobic bacteria to thrive, thus enhancing the breakdown of organic materials.After the aeration phase, the mixture of water and activated sludge is transferred to the secondary clarifier. Here, gravity allows the heavier biomass to settle at the bottom, forming a layer of sludge. This process separates the treated water from the excess sludge. The clear water can then be discharged into natural water bodies or further treated for reuse, while a portion of the settled sludge is returned to the aeration tank as RAS to maintain the microbial population. This recycling of sludge is vital to the efficiency of the activated sludge process, ensuring that there are enough microorganisms to continue breaking down waste.One of the advantages of the activated sludge process is its flexibility. It can be adapted to various types of wastewater, including municipal sewage and industrial discharges. Additionally, it can be modified to meet specific regulatory requirements for nutrient removal, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, which are often found in high concentrations in wastewater. By optimizing aeration rates and the retention time of sludge, operators can enhance the process to achieve desired treatment outcomes.However, the activated sludge process also faces challenges. One common issue is the formation of bulking sludge, where the biomass fails to settle properly, leading to poor separation in the clarifier. This can result in higher levels of suspended solids in the effluent, compromising water quality. Other problems include the presence of toxic substances that can inhibit microbial activity and fluctuations in wastewater composition that can disrupt the treatment process.In conclusion, the activated sludge process is a cornerstone of modern wastewater treatment. Its effectiveness in breaking down organic pollutants and its adaptability to different types of wastewater make it a preferred choice for many treatment facilities. As urban populations grow and industrial activities expand, understanding and improving the activated sludge process will be critical in ensuring sustainable water management practices. By investing in research and technological advancements, we can enhance this process, ultimately protecting our water resources and the environment for future generations.

废水处理已成为我们现代世界环境管理的重要方面。最广泛使用的废水处理方法之一是活性污泥法。这种生物处理方法利用微生物分解污水和工业废水中的有机物，从而减少污染，使水安全排放或再利用。理解活性污泥法对任何涉及环境科学或工程的人来说都是至关重要的，因为它在保持生态平衡中发挥着重要作用。活性污泥法涉及几个关键组成部分：曝气池、二级沉淀池和回流活性污泥（RAS）系统。在曝气池中，废水与称为活性污泥的微生物群体混合。这些微生物将有机污染物作为食物来源，转化为生物量和二氧化碳。曝气阶段至关重要，因为它为好氧细菌的生长提供了必要的氧气，从而增强了有机物的降解。在曝气阶段之后，水和活性污泥的混合物被转移到二级沉淀池。在这里，重的生物质通过重力沉降到底部，形成污泥层。这个过程将处理过的水与多余的污泥分开。清水可以排放到自然水体中或进一步处理以供再利用，而一部分沉淀的污泥则作为RAS返回到曝气池，以维持微生物群体。这种污泥的回收对活性污泥法的效率至关重要，确保有足够的微生物继续分解废物。活性污泥法的一个优点是其灵活性。它可以适应各种类型的废水，包括市政污水和工业排放。此外，它可以根据营养物质去除的特定监管要求进行修改，例如氮和磷，这些物质通常在废水中浓度较高。通过优化曝气速率和污泥的滞留时间，操作人员可以提高处理效果，以实现所需的处理结果。然而，活性污泥法也面临挑战。一个常见的问题是污泥膨胀的形成，即生物质无法正确沉降，导致沉淀池中的分离效果不佳。这可能导致出水中悬浮固体含量增加，影响水质。其他问题包括有毒物质的存在，这可能抑制微生物活性，以及废水成分的波动，这可能干扰处理过程。总之，活性污泥法是现代废水处理的基石。它在分解有机污染物方面的有效性以及对不同类型废水的适应性使其成为许多处理设施的首选。随着城市人口的增长和工业活动的扩大，理解和改善活性污泥法对于确保可持续水管理实践至关重要。通过投资于研究和技术进步，我们可以增强这一过程，最终保护我们的水资源和环境，为未来几代人服务。