acetyl chloride

简明释义

乙酰氯

英英释义

例句

1.The synthesis of aspirin involves the reaction of salicylic acid with acetyl chloride.

阿司匹林的合成涉及水杨酸与乙酰氯的反应。

2.In the laboratory, we store acetyl chloride in a cool, dry place away from moisture.

在实验室中，我们将乙酰氯储存在阴凉、干燥的地方，以避免潮湿。

3.In organic chemistry, we often use acetyl chloride to synthesize various acetylated compounds.

在有机化学中，我们经常使用乙酰氯合成各种乙酰化化合物。

4.The reaction of acetyl chloride with alcohols produces esters.

乙酰氯与醇反应会生成酯。

5.When handling acetyl chloride, it is important to wear proper protective equipment due to its corrosive nature.

处理乙酰氯时，由于其腐蚀性，穿戴适当的防护装备是很重要的。

作文

Acetyl chloride, a chemical compound with the formula C2H3ClO, is an important reagent in organic chemistry. It is classified as an acyl chloride, which means it is derived from acetic acid by replacing the hydroxyl group with a chlorine atom. The compound is a colorless liquid that has a pungent odor and is highly reactive. Due to its reactivity, acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) is commonly used in various chemical reactions, particularly in the synthesis of other organic compounds.One of the primary uses of acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) is in the acetylation process. This involves introducing an acetyl group into a molecule, which can modify the properties of the substance. For instance, when acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) reacts with alcohols, it produces esters, which are important in the production of fragrances and flavorings. The reaction is typically swift, and careful handling is required due to the corrosive nature of the compound.In addition to its role in esterification, acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) is also utilized in the production of pharmaceuticals. Many drugs require specific functional groups to be effective, and acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) serves as a key building block in the synthesis of these compounds. For example, it is often used to synthesize acetylated amino acids, which are crucial for the development of various therapeutic agents.Moreover, acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) plays a significant role in the preparation of anhydrides. When reacted with carboxylic acids, it forms acetic anhydride, which is another valuable reagent in organic synthesis. Acetic anhydride is widely used in the manufacturing of cellulose acetate, an important polymer used in films, coatings, and fibers.The production of acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) itself is typically carried out through the reaction of thionyl chloride with acetic acid. This method not only yields acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) but also produces byproducts that can be easily removed, making the process efficient. However, due to its hazardous nature, it is essential to conduct this reaction in a controlled environment, preferably under a fume hood to avoid inhalation of toxic fumes.Safety precautions are paramount when handling acetyl chloride (乙酰氯). It can cause severe burns upon contact with skin and is harmful if inhaled or ingested. Therefore, personal protective equipment such as gloves, goggles, and lab coats should always be worn when working with this compound. Proper storage in a cool, dry place away from moisture is also critical, as acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) can hydrolyze in the presence of water, releasing hydrochloric acid and forming acetic acid.In conclusion, acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) is a versatile and valuable compound in the field of organic chemistry. Its ability to facilitate acetylation reactions makes it indispensable in the synthesis of esters, pharmaceuticals, and anhydrides. However, due to its reactive and hazardous nature, it must be handled with care. Understanding the properties and applications of acetyl chloride (乙酰氯) is essential for chemists and researchers working in various fields, including drug development and materials science.

乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）是一种化学化合物，化学式为C2H3ClO，是有机化学中重要的试剂。它被归类为酰氯，意味着它是通过用氯原子替代羟基而从醋酸衍生而来的。该化合物是一种无色液体，具有刺鼻的气味，并且反应性很强。由于其反应性，乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）通常用于各种化学反应，特别是在合成其他有机化合物中。乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）的主要用途之一是在乙酰化过程中。这涉及将乙酰基引入分子中，从而可以改变物质的性质。例如，当乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）与醇反应时，会生成酯，这在香料和调味品的生产中非常重要。该反应通常很快，需要小心处理，因为该化合物具有腐蚀性。除了在酯化中的作用外，乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）还用于制药行业。许多药物需要特定的功能基团才能有效，而乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）作为合成这些化合物的关键构件。例如，它通常用于合成乙酰化氨基酸，这对各种治疗药物的发展至关重要。此外，乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）在制备酸酐方面也发挥着重要作用。当它与羧酸反应时，形成醋酸酸酐，这是另一种有价值的有机合成试剂。醋酸酸酐广泛用于制造醋酸纤维素，这是一种用于薄膜、涂料和纤维的重要聚合物。乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）的生产通常通过将亚硫酰氯与醋酸反应来进行。这种方法不仅产生乙酰氯（acetyl chloride），还生成可轻易去除的副产品，使过程高效。然而，由于其危险性，必须在受控环境中进行此反应，最好在通风柜下进行，以避免吸入有毒烟雾。在处理乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）时，安全预防措施至关重要。它接触皮肤时可能会造成严重烧伤，吸入或摄入后有害。因此，在处理该化合物时，应始终佩戴个人防护装备，如手套、护目镜和实验室外套。妥善储存在阴凉、干燥的地方，远离潮湿也很关键，因为乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）在水的存在下可能发生水解，释放出盐酸并形成醋酸。总之，乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）是有机化学领域中一种多功能且有价值的化合物。它促进乙酰化反应的能力使其在酯、药物和酸酐的合成中不可或缺。然而，由于其反应性和危害性，必须小心处理。理解乙酰氯（acetyl chloride）的性质和应用对从事药物开发和材料科学等各个领域的化学家和研究人员至关重要。