absorption line

简明释义

吸收线

英英释义

例句

1.The width of the absorption line can indicate the density of the absorbing material.

吸收线的宽度可以指示吸收材料的密度。

2.Astronomers use absorption lines to determine the composition of distant galaxies.

天文学家利用吸收线来确定遥远星系的成分。

3.The absorption line in the spectrum can reveal information about the temperature of the gas.

光谱中的吸收线可以揭示气体的温度信息。

4.The spectrum of the star showed a prominent absorption line indicating the presence of sodium.

这颗星星的光谱显示出一个显著的吸收线，表明存在钠。

5.By analyzing the absorption lines, scientists can identify the elements present in the atmosphere of exoplanets.

通过分析吸收线，科学家可以识别系外行星大气中存在的元素。

作文

In the field of astrophysics and spectroscopy, the term absorption line refers to a specific wavelength in the spectrum of light that is absorbed by a substance, typically a gas or a liquid. When light passes through a medium, certain wavelengths are absorbed by the atoms or molecules present in that medium. This phenomenon results in dark lines appearing in the spectrum, which correspond to the specific energies required to excite electrons in the atoms of the absorbing material. Understanding absorption lines is crucial for astronomers and scientists, as they provide valuable information about the composition, temperature, density, and motion of celestial bodies. The study of absorption lines is rooted in the principles of quantum mechanics and the interaction of light with matter. Each element has a unique set of energy levels, and when light interacts with these elements, only specific wavelengths will be absorbed. For example, when starlight passes through the atmosphere of a planet or a star's outer layers, certain wavelengths may be absorbed by the elements present, leading to the formation of absorption lines. By analyzing these lines, scientists can determine the presence of elements such as hydrogen, helium, and heavier metals in distant stars and galaxies.One of the most famous examples of absorption lines is the Fraunhofer lines, named after the German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer, who first observed them in the early 19th century. These lines appear in the solar spectrum and are caused by the absorption of specific wavelengths of light by elements in the Sun's atmosphere. The identification of these lines has allowed scientists to understand the Sun's composition and its various physical properties.In addition to their importance in astronomy, absorption lines also have practical applications in various fields, including environmental science and chemistry. For instance, scientists use absorption lines to monitor air quality by measuring the concentration of pollutants in the atmosphere. By analyzing the absorption lines of gases such as carbon dioxide or ozone, researchers can gain insights into their levels and distribution in the environment.Furthermore, modern technology has enabled the development of sophisticated instruments, such as spectrometers, which can detect and analyze absorption lines with remarkable precision. These tools have revolutionized our understanding of both terrestrial and extraterrestrial phenomena. In recent years, advancements in spectroscopy have led to the discovery of exoplanets, as scientists can identify absorption lines in the light from distant stars that indicate the presence of planetary atmospheres.In conclusion, the concept of absorption lines is fundamental to the study of light and matter interactions. They serve as a powerful tool for scientists to decipher the mysteries of the universe, revealing the chemical makeup of celestial objects and providing insights into various physical processes. By continuing to study absorption lines, we expand our knowledge of the cosmos and enhance our ability to monitor and protect our own planet's environment.

在天体物理学和光谱学领域，术语吸收线指的是光谱中被物质（通常是气体或液体）吸收的特定波长。当光通过某种介质时，某些波长会被该介质中的原子或分子吸收。这一现象导致光谱中出现暗线，这些暗线对应于激发吸收材料原子的电子所需的特定能量。理解吸收线对于天文学家和科学家至关重要，因为它们提供了有关天体成分、温度、密度和运动的宝贵信息。吸收线的研究根植于量子力学的原理以及光与物质之间的相互作用。每种元素都有一套独特的能级，当光与这些元素相互作用时，只有特定的波长会被吸收。例如，当恒星光通过行星或恒星外层的大气时，某些波长可能会被存在的元素吸收，从而形成吸收线。通过分析这些线，科学家可以确定遥远的恒星和星系中氢、氦和重金属等元素的存在。吸收线最著名的例子之一是弗劳恩霍夫线，以德国物理学家约瑟夫·冯·弗劳恩霍夫的名字命名，他在19世纪初首次观察到这些线。这些线出现在太阳光谱中，由太阳大气中元素对特定波长光的吸收造成。识别这些线使科学家能够理解太阳的成分及其各种物理特性。除了在天文学中的重要性，吸收线在环境科学和化学等多个领域也有实际应用。例如，科学家利用吸收线监测空气质量，通过测量大气中污染物的浓度。通过分析二氧化碳或臭氧等气体的吸收线，研究人员可以深入了解这些气体在环境中的水平和分布。此外，现代技术使得开发复杂仪器（如光谱仪）成为可能，这些仪器能够以惊人的精度检测和分析吸收线。这些工具彻底改变了我们对地球和外太空现象的理解。近年来，光谱学的进步导致了系外行星的发现，因为科学家可以识别来自遥远恒星的光中吸收线，这表明存在行星大气。总之，吸收线的概念是研究光与物质相互作用的基础。它们作为科学家解读宇宙奥秘的强大工具，揭示天体的化学组成，并提供对各种物理过程的洞察。通过继续研究吸收线，我们扩展了对宇宙的知识，并增强了监测和保护我们自身星球环境的能力。