sublimation curve

简明释义

升华曲线

英英释义

例句

1.In our chemistry lab, we plotted the sublimation curve 升华曲线 of various substances.

在我们的化学实验室，我们绘制了各种物质的sublimation curve 升华曲线。

2.Understanding the sublimation curve 升华曲线 is crucial for scientists studying phase transitions.

理解sublimation curve 升华曲线对研究相变的科学家来说至关重要。

3.The graph illustrates the sublimation curve 升华曲线 of dry ice as it transitions from solid to gas.

该图展示了干冰在从固体转变为气体时的sublimation curve 升华曲线。

4.The sublimation curve 升华曲线 helps predict the temperature at which a material will change directly from solid to gas.

该sublimation curve 升华曲线有助于预测材料直接从固体转变为气体的温度。

5.During the experiment, we observed how the sublimation curve 升华曲线 varied with pressure changes.

在实验过程中，我们观察到随着压力变化，sublimation curve 升华曲线的变化。

作文

In the realm of physical chemistry, understanding phase transitions is crucial for various applications in both science and industry. One important concept that arises in this context is the sublimation curve. The sublimation curve represents the boundary between the solid and gas phases of a substance on a phase diagram. It illustrates the conditions under which a solid can transition directly into a gas without passing through the liquid phase. This phenomenon is known as sublimation, and it occurs under specific temperature and pressure conditions. For instance, dry ice, which is solid carbon dioxide, sublimates at atmospheric pressure, transforming directly into carbon dioxide gas when exposed to room temperature.To understand the significance of the sublimation curve, one must first grasp the basics of phase diagrams. A phase diagram is a graphical representation that shows the state of a substance at varying temperatures and pressures. The axes typically represent temperature (x-axis) and pressure (y-axis), with different regions indicating solid, liquid, and gas phases. The lines on the diagram, including the sublimation curve, denote the equilibrium conditions between these phases. The sublimation curve specifically separates the solid phase from the gas phase, illustrating where sublimation occurs.The position of the sublimation curve can vary depending on the substance in question. For example, substances with weak intermolecular forces tend to have a steeper sublimation curve, meaning they can sublimate at lower temperatures. Conversely, substances with strong intermolecular forces may have a more gradual curve, requiring higher temperatures to achieve sublimation. Understanding these variations is essential for industries that rely on sublimation processes, such as freeze-drying or certain types of material synthesis.Moreover, the sublimation curve can be influenced by external factors such as pressure changes. Increasing the pressure can suppress sublimation, while decreasing the pressure can facilitate it. This principle is particularly important in vacuum environments, where lowering the pressure allows for the sublimation of materials that would otherwise remain solid at higher pressures.In practical applications, the sublimation curve plays a vital role in the preservation of biological samples and the production of pharmaceuticals. In freeze-drying, for instance, the goal is to remove moisture from a product while preserving its structure and composition. By carefully controlling temperature and pressure to align with the sublimation curve, manufacturers can ensure that water transitions from ice to vapor without passing through the liquid phase, thus avoiding damage to the product.In conclusion, the sublimation curve is a fundamental aspect of phase diagrams that delineates the conditions under which sublimation occurs. Its understanding is critical for various scientific and industrial applications, from material science to food preservation. By studying the sublimation curve, researchers and engineers can optimize processes that rely on phase transitions, leading to innovations in technology and improvements in product quality. As we continue to explore the intricate behaviors of substances, the sublimation curve remains an essential tool in our quest for knowledge and advancement in the physical sciences.

在物理化学领域，理解相变对科学和工业的各种应用至关重要。在这个背景下，一个重要的概念是升华曲线。升华曲线表示物质在相图上固体与气体相之间的边界。它说明了在特定的温度和压力条件下，固体如何可以直接转变为气体，而无需经过液体相。这种现象被称为升华，例如，干冰，即固态二氧化碳，在大气压力下升华，在室温下暴露时直接转变为二氧化碳气体。要理解升华曲线的重要性，首先必须掌握相图的基础知识。相图是一个图形表示，显示了在不同温度和压力下物质的状态。坐标轴通常表示温度（x轴）和压力（y轴），不同区域表示固体、液体和气体相。图中的线条，包括升华曲线，表示这些相之间的平衡条件。升华曲线特别分隔了固体相和气体相，说明了升华发生的地方。升华曲线的位置可能因所研究的物质而异。例如，具有弱分子间作用力的物质通常具有更陡峭的升华曲线，这意味着它们可以在较低的温度下升华。相反，具有强分子间作用力的物质可能具有更平缓的曲线，需要更高的温度才能实现升华。理解这些变化对于依赖升华过程的行业至关重要，如冷冻干燥或某些类型的材料合成。此外，升华曲线也会受到外部因素如压力变化的影响。增加压力可能会抑制升华，而降低压力可能会促进升华。这个原理在真空环境中特别重要，降低压力可以使本来在高压下保持固态的材料升华。在实际应用中，升华曲线在生物样本的保存和药品生产中发挥着重要作用。例如，在冷冻干燥过程中，目标是去除产品中的水分，同时保持其结构和成分。通过仔细控制温度和压力以与升华曲线对齐，制造商可以确保水分从冰转变为蒸气，而不经过液体相，从而避免对产品造成损害。总之，升华曲线是相图的一个基本方面，划定了升华发生的条件。它的理解对于各种科学和工业应用至关重要，从材料科学到食品保存。通过研究升华曲线，研究人员和工程师可以优化依赖相变的过程，从而推动技术创新和改善产品质量。随着我们继续探索物质的复杂行为，升华曲线仍然是我们在物理科学知识和进步追求中的重要工具。